Ledger · 2026-09-04 · Materials Science / Electroceramics
Ultrahigh-Voltage Gradient ZnO-Polystyrene Varistors via the Cold Sintering Process (CSP)
Cleared
This concept cleared all seven gates and every voiding sub-test.
| Incumbent benchmark | Conventional ZnO-Bi2O3 Varistors (TDK/Littelfuse) |
| Entry application | Miniaturized high-voltage overvoltage protection modules for Electric Vehicle (EV) On-Board Chargers (OBCs) and DC Fast Charging Station power electronics |
| Measured advantage | 2,703 V/mm breakdown voltage gradient for CSP ZnO-PS composite vs. 135 V/mm for conventional TDK/Littelfuse ZnO-Bi2O3 varistors (20.0x step-change superiority) |
| Time to first revenue | 4 months |
| Gross margin at parity | 77.0% |
| Startup CapEx | $133,500 |
| Payback from first sale | 21.5 months |
| Capital productivity | 1.08x |
| Regulatory risk | Low — no material regulatory CapEx reported ($0 estimated) |
| Market absence | Verified — the search is reported in the dossier: channels searched, companies searched, closest substitutes named |
Buy the full dossier
Mechanism, operating protocol with real conditions and yields, computed unit economics with a six-scenario stress test, the absence audit, and every resolved citation.
Assessed 2026-09-04 against seven gates plus the voiding sub-tests. How the method works · Browse all concepts